World
Sight Day
11 October 2012
World Sight Day is an annual day of awareness to focus global attention on
blindness, visual impairment and rehabilitation of the visually impaired held
on the second Thursday in October.
World Sight Day is observed around the world by all partners involved in
preventing visual impairment or restoring sight. It is also the main advocacy
event for the prevention of blindness and for "Vision 2020: The Right to
Sight", a global effort to prevent blindness created by WHO and the
International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness.
Day of
the Russian Academy.
The Russian Academy was founded on 11 October in 1783. It’s purposes are to
clean and enrich the Russian language. The Academy had to create Russian Grammar, dictionary, rhetoric and the
special rules of versification.
Some people plant trees to commemorate World Sight Day and while others submit a photo for an international photo montage that focuses on the theme of blindness. Other activities include taking part in awareness-raising walks or distributing and displaying posters, bookmarks, booklets and other forms of information the raise awareness about preventable blindness.
ReplyDeleteThe Academy was founded in Saint Petersburg by Peter the Great. It was originally called The Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The name varied over the years, becoming The Imperial Academy of Arts and Sciences, The Imperial Academy of Sciences, and finally, The Imperial Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences from 1836 and until the end of the empire in 1917).
ReplyDeleteAmong the foreign scholars invited to work at the academy were the mathematicians Leonhard Euler, Anders Johan Lexell, Christian Goldbach, Georg Bernhard Bilfinger, Nicholas and Daniel Bernoulli, botanist Johann Georg Gmelin, embryologists Caspar Friedrich Wolff, astronomer and geographer Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, physicist Georg Wolfgang Kraft, and historian Gerhard Friedrich Müller.
As for the presidents of the Russian Academy, they are:
ReplyDeletePresidents
1783–1796 — Yekaterina Dashkova (concurrently serving as the Director of the Imperial Academy of Arts and Sciences)
1796–1801 — Pavel Bakunin (concurrently serving as the Director, and later President, of the Imperial Academy of Arts and Sciences)
1801–1813 — Andrey Andreyevich Nartov
1813–1841 — Aleksandr Shishkov
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Academy
According to WHO estimates:
ReplyDelete- About 285 million people are visually impaired worldwide:
- 39 million are blind and
- 246 million have low vision (severe or moderate visual impairment)
- preventable cause are as high as 80% of the total global visual impairment burden
- About 90% of the world's visually impaired people live in developing countries
- Globally, uncorrected refractive errors are the main cause of visual impairment
- Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness
- 65% of visually impaired, and 82% of blind people are over 50 years of age, although this age group comprises only 20% of the world population
During the 18th century the Russian academy included the writers D. I. Fonvizin, G. R. Derzhavin, and Ia. B. Kniazhnin and the scholars S. Ia. Rumovskii, A. P. Protasov, and S. M. Kotel’nikov. During the 19th century, P. A. Viazemskii, V. A. Zhukovskii, I. A. Krylov, A. S. Pushkin, and others were members. From 1813 to 1841 the president was Admiral A. S. Shishkov. The Russian Academy published the Defining Dictionary of the Russian Language (1789–94); the second supplementary edition, published between 1806 and 1822, included more than 51,000 words.
ReplyDeletehttp://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Russian+Academy