The First Moskvitch-400 Was Assembled
The Moskvitch 400-420 was a car from Soviet manufacturer Moskvitch introduced in 1947.
A factory called MZMA (Moskovsky Zavod Malolitrazhnykh Avtomobiley, that is, Moscow Compact Car Factory) started to manufacture the modified Kadett as Moskvitch 400-420 in December 1946. "400" meant a type of engine. In 1954 it was replaced with externally identical 401-420 model, with engine uprated from 23 to 26 hp.Also a cabriolet 400-420A and wooden van 400-422 / 401-422 were made.
Some of the production was exported, among other countries to East Germany and Norway. Production ended in 1956, when the design was heavily outdated. Private users in Norway at the time needed a license to buy a new imported car. This did not apply to Russian cars that as a "friendly gesture" were supplied in exchange for fish. In all, 247,439 Moskvitches 400/401 were made.
Nataly, I expected that you wouldn't miss this event! So there's some information for you. On the basis of the first «Moskvitch» there were attempts to release cabriolet-limousines (кабриолимузины) - according to the German model, where the body used in those years a certain popularity, and there were lines of many manufacturers, including Opel. Many cabriolets were converted into ordinary closed vehicle by welding of the roof in those years and later. Surprisingly, but in recent years there has been strictly opposite tendency - have preserved the usual «Muscovites» enterprising traders cut down the roof in order to pass them off as the surviving cabriolet-limousines. In fact, in the present time, there are units of complete factory cabriolets «Moskvitch» around the world.
ReplyDeleteCalled the Moskvich 400, this model was consequently identical to the pre-war Opel Kadett. Powered by a four-cylinder engine, which produced 23 bhp, it was uprated in 1954 by three horsepower to become the Moskvich 401.
ReplyDeleteTwo years later, the body was restyled to give birth to the Moskvich 402 and the engine power was increased to 35 bhp at 4200 rpm. At the same time, a four-wheel-drive 410 version was introduced.
In 1958, the Russian factory produced the 45 bhp 407 range which had, as well as the saloon, station-wagon, ambulance, taxi, delivery-van and four-wheel-drive derivatives. Five years later, with the 407 still in production, a new model, the 403 saloon, was introduced and it too had delivery-van and station-wagon derivatives, although from a stylistic point of view the differences to the previous model were largely in the trim rather than anywhere else.
In 1966, the more radically changed 408 models were launched. A five seater, the saloon version was powered by a four-cylinder, 1.4-liter, overhead-valve engine, which produced 60 bhp. Suspension was independent at the front, while the rear was mounted via conventional leaf springs.
Transmission was through a four-speed, fully synchromeshed gearbox. Station-wagon and delivery-van versions were produced and for the first time the cars were offered with optional extras such as twin headlamps, sun visors and electric windscreen washers.
Also the Day of Russian Information Science is celebrated on December 4. In 1948 the first digital electronic computer by Mr.Bruk and Mr.Rameev was registered. I think, it’s very important event of our country.
ReplyDeleteComputer science in Russia, in the USSR, started from the I.S Brook’s works. In August 1948 he drafted the project "Automatic digital electronic machine". Around the same time Brook together with his collaborator, engineer B. Rameev, presented the application for the invention of "Automaticdigital computer machine"
ReplyDeleteInventor's certificate №10475 was the first officially registered document testifying the start of computer designing in Russia, the USSR. This certificate was issued by the State Committee of the USSR on the Implementation of Advanced Technology in the National Economy on 4th December 1948.
The history of the modern informatics in the USSR and in Russia began from this data as a new science, linking the multi-millennial history of humanitarian informatics with the modern computer informatics: from the first books and the first libraries to the modern electronic devices to get access to the best scientific and cultural achievements to anywhere on the Earth at any time.
Today Nikolai Simonov (1901 – 1973) was born, a Soviet film and stage actor. Simonov made his film debut in 1924 and played supporting roles in five Russian silent films. He shot to fame after his role of Commander Zhikharev in the classic film Chapaev (1934). Simonov's portrayal of Peter the Great in The Conquests of Peter the Great (1937 and 1938) brought him international fame and numerous awards.
ReplyDeleteWassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky 16 December 1866 – 13 December 1944) was an influential Russian painter and art theorist. He is credited with painting the first purely abstract works. Born in Moscow, Kandinsky spent his childhood in Odessa. He enrolled at the University of Moscow, studying law and economics. Successful in his profession—he was offered a professorship (chair of Roman Law) at the University of Dorpat—he began painting studies (life-drawing, sketching and anatomy) at the age of 30.
ReplyDeleteIn 1896 Kandinsky settled in Munich, studying first at Anton Ažbe's private school and then at the Academy of Fine Arts. He returned to Moscow in 1914, after the outbreak of World War I. Kandinsky was unsympathetic to the official theories on art in Moscow, and returned to Germany in 1921. There, he taught at the Bauhaus school of art and architecture from 1922 until the Nazis closed it in 1933. He then moved to France where he lived the rest of his life, became a French citizen in 1939, and produced some of his most prominent art. He died at Neuilly-sur-Seine in 1944.
Orest Danilovich Khvolson or Chwolson (Russian: Орест Данилович Хвольсон) (November 22 (N.S. December 4), 1852, Saint Petersburg – May 11, 1934, Leningrad) was a Russian physicist and honorary member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1920). He is most noted for being one of the first to study the gravitational lens effect.
ReplyDeleteOrest, son of the noted Orientalist Daniel Chwolson, graduated from St.Petersburg University in 1873. He began teaching at his alma mater in 1876 and would become a professor in 1891. Orest Khvolson authored a number of works on electricity, magnetism, photometry, and actinometry. He proposed the designs of actinometer and pyrheliometer, which would be used by the Russian weather stations for a long time. After 1896, Khvolson was mainly engaged in compiling the five-volume Physics Course (Курс физики), which would improve immensely the teaching of physics throughout the country and remain a principal textbook in universities for years to come. It was even translated into the German, French, and Spanish languages.