Public Prosecutor Day in Russia
Post of General-Public Prosecutor was established by the decree of Peter the Great 282 years ago which introduced General-Public Prosecutor in the Senate and Chief-Public Prosecutor in every government department. In 1917 the institution of Public Prosecutor was abolished, and in 1922 it was restored as supervising body. In the Soviet Union the Office of Public Prosecutor supervised courts as well.
Public Prosecutor Office of the Russian Federation is the unified federal centralized set of bodies supervising, on behalf of the state, observance of the Constitution and execution of laws valid within the Russian Federation.Public Prosecutor Day is officially marked in the Russian Federation as January 12, according to the Decree of President of Russia from December 29, 1995.
Birthdays
Count Mikhail Mikhailovich Speransky (January 12 1772 – February 23 1839) was probably the greatest of Russian reformers during the reign of Alexander I of Russia. He was a close advisor to Tsar Alexander I of Russia and later to Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, he is sometimes called the father of Russian liberalism and is known as the most competent of the imperial officials.
Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (12 January 1903 – 7 February 1960), was a Soviet nuclear physicist who is widely known as the director of the Soviet atomic bomb project. Along with Georgy Flyorov and Andrei Sakharov, Kurchatov is widely remembered and dubbed as the "father of the Soviet atomic bomb" for his directorial role in the development of the Soviet nuclear program, in a clandestine program during World War II.
Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (12 January 1907, Zhytomyr, Russian Empire – 14 January 1966 in Moscow, USSR) was the lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer in the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the 1950s and 1960s. He is considered by many as the father of practical astronautics.
Although Korolev was trained as an aircraft designer, his greatest strengths proved to be in design integration, organization and strategic planning. Arrested for alleged mismanagement of funds (he spent the money on unsuccessful experiments with rocket devices), he was imprisoned in 1938 for almost six years, including some months in a Kolyma labour camp. Following his release, he became a recognized rocket designer and a key figure in the development of the Soviet ICBM program. He was then appointed to lead the Soviet space program, made Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences, overseeing the early successes of the Sputnik and Vostok projects. By the time he died unexpectedly in 1966, his plans to compete with the United States to be the first nation to land a man on the Moon had begun to be implemented.
ReplyDeleteBefore his death he was often referred to only as "Chief Designer", because his name and his pivotal role in the Soviet space program had been held to be a state secret by the Politburo. Only many years later was he publicly acknowledged as the lead man behind Soviet success in space.